How to Use This Simulation

Step 1: Adjust the wavelength using the slider to see short vs long waves.

Step 2: Click barrier buttons to add obstacles: straight wall (reflection), gap (diffraction), or medium change (refraction).

Step 3: Observe how waves interact with different obstacles. Click "Slow Motion" to see details.

Key concept: Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection. Waves spread through gaps (diffraction). Waves bend when speed changes (refraction).

40 px (Medium)
2 Hz
Top-Down View of Ripple Tank - Wave Source on Left

Current Behavior: Free Propagation

Waves travel outward from the source in circular patterns. Add barriers to see reflection, diffraction, or refraction!

Wave Measurements

Wavelength: 40 px
Frequency: 2 Hz
Wave Speed: 80 px/s
Angle (Reflection): --

Wave Behaviors

⇄ Reflection: Wave bounces off surface. Angle in = Angle out!
⇾ Diffraction: Wave spreads through gaps. More spread when gap is small!
↺ Refraction: Wave bends when speed changes (different medium).

Key Insight

Waves carry energy through space without moving matter. When waves encounter obstacles or boundaries, they reflect, diffract, or refract - but the wave itself continues. Try different barriers to see each behavior!